Exploring Learning

From Brain-Based Learning to Heutagogy: Designing Agency With Care How do we design learning that develops agency without assuming learners are already fully independent? In my research this week, I found myself returning to the same question: how do we design learning that supports agency without assuming that learners are already fully self-directed or self-determined? The readings move from brain-based learning, to the space between pedagogy and andragogy, to the history of andragogy, and finally to heutagogy. Taken together, they challenge the idea that teaching and learning models can be neatly organised by age or stage. Instead, I see that they suggest effective learning design depends on context, readiness, purpose, motivation, and the kind of support learners need to grow. Jang et al. (2022) provide a useful starting point, reminding me that learning design needs to be grounded in how learning actually occurs. Their review of brain-based learning research highlights the import...

The rhythm of this academic year in Singapore creates a natural interruption: two five-week stretches separated by the Lunar New Year. This is more than a calendar adjustment. It is a cultural and institutional reset. The celebration marks renewal, transition, and collective reflection. In schools, it offers something rare in the middle of a busy term: a legitimate, much-needed pause. In the intensity of day-to-day leadership, momentum can easily become synonymous with progress. Meetings continue. Deadlines advance. Decisions accumulate. The multiplicity of my role can blur into constant forward motion - yet this mid-term break interrupts that pattern. It has created space to step back from the operational noise and examine whether coherence is forming beneath the activity. The pause makes the pattern visible. The past five weeks have been expansive. I facilitated professional learning with departments, coordinated external consultants in English and Mathematics, co-led a Concept-Based...

One of the patterns that continues to emerge in my classroom visits is the distinction between students’ ability to explain what they are doing and their ability to explain what they are learning . This is not a deficit in the learners themselves, but rather a reminder that clarity is not simply about tasks; it is about making the purpose of learning visible. Fisher and Frey (2021) remind us that clarity of goals, instruction, and success criteria is one of the strongest accelerators of learning. When students articulate not only what they are doing, but why it matters, we see the shift from compliance to ownership. This challenge of articulation, of moving beyond task to learning, has been mirrored in the professional learning experiences across our school this week. Clarity in the Maths Work Over two days with our maths consultant, we engaged deeply with how we design lessons that bring conceptual clarity to the surface. The conversations touched on the same themes I have noticed i...